Cardiohepatic Syndrome among Heart Failure Patients in Yemen
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65693/irss.2022.v3i1.305Keywords:
cardiohepatic sndromeإزالة cardiohepatic sndrome cross sectional study in sanaa yemenAbstract
Cardiohepatic Syndrome among Heart Failure Patients in Yemen Aims of the study: The present study was aimed to investigate the clinical patterns of cardiohepatic syndrome among patients with heart failure attending several private and public hospitals in Sana’a city, Yemen.
Methods: The study was a clinical cross-sectional study performed on patients with heart failure admitted to the medical departments at several private and public hospitals in Sana’a city between July 1, 2021 and December 31, 2021.
Results: A total of 162 diagnosed cases of cardiohepatic syndrome were studied. Male patients were 117 (72.2%) and female patients were 45 (27.8%). The age of patients with cardiohepatic syndrome ranged between 0.5 and 81 years. The results of the present study showed that most patients with cardiohepatic syndrome aged between 41 and 70 years (66.1%). Most cardiohepatic syndrome patients were admitted to Lebanon hospital (75.3%) followed by Althawra hospital (10.5%). Patients with cardiohepatic syndrome most frequently presented with edema (56.2%), pallor (40.7%), and cyanosis (25.3%). Other less frequent sings were icterus (8.6%) and clubbing (8%). The average pulse rates in cardiohepatic syndrome patients was 94 ppm (maximum 142 and 37 minimum), the average systolic blood pressure was 118mmHg (maximum 200 and 60 minimum), and the average diastolic blood pressure was 75 mmHg (maximum 120 and minimum 40). The laboratory investigations that were performed for the patients to assess liver function included Total bilirubin, Direct bilirubin, Indirect bilirubin, AST, ALT, ALP, Total protein, Albumin, Prothrombin time, and Activated partial thromboplastin time. Additionally, routine complete blood count and kidney function tests were performed. Large proportion of patients (55.7%) had heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) while 28.2% of the patients had heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Minority (9.9%) of the patients had heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF) and 6.1% of the patients had normal ejection fraction.
Conclusions: Cardiohepatic syndrome presents with a full-range of signs,
symptoms, and lab test deviations, and is more prevalent in male, middle-aged heart failure patients. Cardiohepatic syndrome is also more likely in patients with reduced ejection fraction.
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Copyright (c) 2026 ﺩ/ ﺷﻮﻗﻲ ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﺟﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺩﻱ، احمد ابراهيم الخولي، ﺍﺻﻴﻞ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﺠﺒﺎﺭ ﺭﻳﺸﺎﻥ، ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﻋﺒﺪﷲ ﺑﺎﻛﺮ، ﺍﺻﻴﻞ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﺤﻠﻴﻢ ﺧﺎﻭﺯ، ﺍﺳﺎﻣﻪ ﺣﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻌﻴﺶ، ﺍﺻﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﺤﻠﻴﻢ ﺧﺎﻭﺯ، ﻏﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﺎﺩﻝ ﺑﺎﺩﻱ، ﺳﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﻴﺮ، ﻋﺒﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻣﻬﺪﻱ، ﻟﻤﻴﺎﺀ ﻣﺤﻤﻮﺩ ﻣﺪﻫﻴﺶ، ﻃﺎﺭﻕ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﻏﻲ، ﻫﻴﺜﻢ ﺣﺎﻣﺲ ﻗﺎﺳﻢ، ﻧﻮﺭ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻋﺰﻱ (المؤلف)
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