The Pattern of Leukemia among Adult Patients in Oncology Center at Al-Jumhori Hospital, Sana'a City, Yemen (2021)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65693/irss.2024.v5i1.361Keywords:
Leukemia Pattern, Adult Patients, Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML),, Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)Abstract
Background: Leukemia is a malignant neoplasm of hematopoietic origin. This study aimed to determine the patterns and demographic distribution of leukemia among adult patients (aged 15 years and above) who attended the Oncology Center at Al-Jumhori Hospital in Sana'a City, Yemen, during 2021.
Methods: A retrospective hospital-based medical records study was conducted evaluating 295 confirmed adult leukemia cases. Data including age, gender, geographic region, and clinical diagnostic subtypes were extracted and analyzed.
Results: The median age of patients was 37.0 years. Males accounted for 55.3% and females 44.7%. The overall distribution of leukemia subtypes was:
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML): 34.9% (most prevalent)
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML): 27.8%
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL): 25.1%
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL): 12.2% (least prevalent)
Geographically, the highest proportion of cases originated from Ibb governorate (13.2%), while the lowest was from Aden (0.3%). There was a statistically significant association between age groups and the subtype of leukemia (p = 0.001), whereas no significant association was found between gender and leukemia subtype (p = 0.3).
Conclusion: CML was the most frequent form of adult leukemia observed in this cohort, followed by AML and ALL, with CLL being the least common. These patterns provide critical insights into local epidemiological trends to help guide healthcare resources and intervention strategies in Yemen.
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